{"id":22634,"date":"2020-12-23T10:10:00","date_gmt":"2020-12-23T10:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/?p=22634"},"modified":"2023-04-25T15:26:39","modified_gmt":"2023-04-25T15:26:39","slug":"jak-vyber-vstrikovaneho-materialu-ovlivnuje-cyklus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/2020\/12\/23\/jak-vyber-vstrikovaneho-materialu-ovlivnuje-cyklus\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak v\u00fdb\u011br vst\u0159ikovan\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu ovliv\u0148uje cyklus"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Jak v\u00fdb\u011br vst\u0159ikovan\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu ovliv\u0148uje cyklus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

6.375.000,-K\u010d (slovy \u0161estmili\u00f3n\u016ft\u0159istasedumdes\u00e1tp\u011bttis\u00edc kourun \u010desk\u00fdch) \u00faspora a sta\u010dilo tak m\u00e1lo. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mana\u017eersk\u00e9 shrnut\u00ed:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Celkov\u00e9 zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed cyklu <\/strong>v re\u00e1ln\u00e9 praxi: 15 vte\u0159in na cyklus<\/strong>
finan\u010dn\u00ed \u00faspora: 5 let pouze na provozu<\/strong> znamen\u00e1 \u00fasporu 1.875.000,-K\u010d<\/strong>
Celkov\u00e1 \u00faspora: za 5 let na cca 6 375 000 K\u010d<\/strong><\/strong> (detaily viz \u010dl\u00e1nek)
Kontakt: na konci \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zad\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality zkr\u00e1tit cyklov\u00fd \u010das v\u00fdroby a vyhodnotit finan\u010dn\u00ed dopad. 2K forma, materi\u00e1ly PP a TPV. Pln\u011bn\u00ed elastomeru je zaji\u0161t\u011bno pomoc\u00ed jednoho st\u0159edov\u00e9ho vtoku. P\u0159i te\u010den\u00ed do koncov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti d\u00edlu mus\u00ed materi\u00e1l p\u0159ekonat vzd\u00e1lenost 425 mm s pr\u016fm\u011brnou tlou\u0161\u0165kou st\u011bny 1,3 mm. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 termoplasty jsou tyto podm\u00ednky d\u00e9lky te\u010den\u00ed nep\u0159ekonateln\u00e9, ale pro termoplastick\u00e9 elastomery, vykazuj\u00edc\u00ed se vysokou tekutost\u00ed, dosa\u017eiteln\u00e9.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trocha teorie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Termoplastick\u00e9 elastomery (TPE) jsou modern\u00ed polymern\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed vlastnosti elastomer\u016f a zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed se jako termoplasty. Na trhu je k dost\u00e1n\u00ed mnoho odli\u0161n\u00fdch typ\u016f termoplastick\u00fdch elastomer\u016f (TPE) se specifick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Velmi \u010dasto se ve symbolick\u00e9 zkratce vypou\u0161t\u00ed p\u00edsmeno \u201eE\u201d, n\u00e1sledn\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ozna\u010den\u00ed TPU, TPS, TPO, TPV, TPA, a TPE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jednotliv\u00e9 typy materi\u00e1l\u016f se li\u0161\u00ed dosa\u017eitelnou tvrdost\u00ed, elasticitou, teplotn\u00edm intervalem pou\u017eitelnosti, chemickou odolnost\u00ed a hustotou. U 2K vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed je nav\u00edc velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 soudr\u017enost se z\u00e1kladn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na d\u00edly z termoplastick\u00fdch elastomer\u016f se kladou stejn\u00e9 n\u00e1roky jako na d\u00edly z termoplast\u016f. Z ekonomick\u00e9ho hlediska (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00e9lky cyklu vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed) je snaha zlevnit vyroben\u00fd d\u00edl a j\u00edt s technologi\u00ed na samou hranici v\u00fdroby kvalitn\u00edch d\u00edl\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u016fvodn\u00ed stav<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

P\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed cyklus m\u011bl 55 s, z toho pln\u011bn\u00ed dutiny formy prob\u00edhalo 3 s, strojn\u00ed \u010dasy na vyjmut\u00ed d\u00edlu a uzav\u0159en\u00ed, otev\u0159en\u00ed a oto\u010den\u00ed formy byly 15 s. Na\u0161\u00ed snahou bylo cel\u00fd v\u00fdrobn\u00ed cyklus co nejv\u00edce zkr\u00e1tit, proto\u017ee 1 uspo\u0159en\u00e1 sekunda na v\u00fdrobn\u00edm cyklu, znamen\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed benefit 75 000 K\u010d. P\u0159i pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 produkci 5 let u\u017e za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt i jedna v\u00fdrobn\u00ed sekunda ekonomicky zaj\u00edmav\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zkracov\u00e1n\u00ed cyklu je v projektech velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed t\u00e9ma, ale v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nesm\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161it zmetkovitost v\u00fdroby. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed je za\u0159adit optimalizaci v\u00fdrobn\u00edch parametr\u016f do v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 f\u00e1ze procesu, ale minim\u00e1ln\u011b v 99,9 % realizovan\u00fdch projekt\u016f chybn\u011b nast\u00e1v\u00e1 optimalizace a\u017e ve f\u00e1zi v\u00fdroby. V b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdrob\u011b je bohu\u017eel mo\u017en\u00e9 m\u011bnit a upravovat pouze men\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed parametr\u016f, kter\u00fdmi lze cyklus optimalizovat bez sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kvality d\u00edlu, ne\u017e ve f\u00e1zi v\u00fdvoje!<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Doba te\u010den\u00ed termoplastick\u00e9ho elastomeru TPV dutinou formy byla ve v\u00fdrob\u011b 3 s, v simulaci byl vypo\u010dten tlak taveniny na vstupu do formy 105 MPa. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e1 doba pln\u011bn\u00ed takov\u00e9ho d\u00edlu je 1 s. P\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 rychlosti pln\u011bn\u00ed vych\u00e1z\u00ed tlak na vstupu do formy 115 MPa. Ve v\u00fdrobn\u00ed zkou\u0161ce, se nepoda\u0159ilo \u010dasu 1 s dos\u00e1hnout ze dvou d\u016fvod\u016f. Prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00fd a m\u00e1lo dimenzovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m hork\u00fdch vtok\u016f, ve kter\u00fdch doch\u00e1z\u00ed k velk\u00fdm tlakov\u00fdm ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m. Druh\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina vych\u00e1z\u00ed z t\u00e9 prvn\u00ed. Stroj pot\u0159eboval p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd tlak na vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9ho nebyl schopen dos\u00e1hnout.<\/strong> Vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edhalo s maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm omezuj\u00edc\u00edm tlakem minim\u00e1ln\u011b 2,5 s. P\u0159i takto nastaven\u00e9m procesu pln\u011bn\u00ed doch\u00e1zelo k nestabilit\u011b pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159e i hmotnosti d\u00edlu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vzhledem ke konstrukci formy a pou\u017eit\u00e9mu lisu \u2013 tedy v\u011bcem, kter\u00e9 v b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edm procesu v\u00fdroby nelze zm\u011bnit \u2013 je mo\u017eno upravovat pouze technologick\u00e9 parametry procesu a zkusit zm\u011bnit materi\u00e1l. Jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed je technologicky zv\u00fd\u0161it tekutost materi\u00e1lu, co\u017e u zvolen\u00e9ho TPV m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek jen mal\u00e9 zm\u011bny ve vst\u0159ikovac\u00edm tlaku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navrhovan\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vzhledem k aplika\u010dn\u00edm po\u017eadavk\u016fm byl navr\u017een alternativn\u00ed termoplastick\u00fd materi\u00e1l<\/strong> na b\u00e1zi TPS THERMOLAST\u00ae K TC7WEZ. P\u0159i vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed TPS elastomeru se v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eil maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed tlak<\/strong> na vstupu do formy na 51 MPa.<\/strong> Doporu\u010den\u00e1 doba pln\u011bn\u00ed formy za 1 s <\/strong>je bez probl\u00e9m\u016f dosa\u017eiteln\u00e1 a v\u00fdroba z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 stabiln\u00ed. P\u0159i t\u00e9to rychlosti te\u010den\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 zajistit kvalitn\u00ed odvzdu\u0161n\u011bn\u00ed, u TPV i TPS je vhodn\u00fd SGD ventil do vyhazova\u010de na konci d\u00edlu, \u010di ventil Ecovent s mal\u00fdm p\u0159etokem<\/a>. P\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed TPS <\/strong>materi\u00e1lem doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00faspo\u0159e 2 sekundy<\/strong> na dob\u011b te\u010den\u00ed plastu dutinou formy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed \u00faspory<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme-li se detailn\u011b na hled\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u017enosti \u00faspory, tak m\u016f\u017eeme porovnat i hustotu pou\u017eit\u00e9ho TPV 0,950 g\/cm3<\/sup> a nov\u00e9ho TPS 0,930 g\/cm3<\/sup>.<\/strong> I tento nepatrn\u00fd rozd\u00edl v hustot\u011b<\/strong> znamen\u00e1 v ro\u010dn\u00edm sou\u010dtu \u00fasporu cca 166 kg materi\u00e1lu (cca 13 000 K\u010d\/rok)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed \u00faspory <\/strong>m\u016f\u017eeme hledat v nejdel\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti v\u00fdrobn\u00edho cyklu. Zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme se na dobu chlazen\u00ed. Provedli jsme podrobnou anal\u00fdzu cel\u00e9 formy ve 3D, kter\u00e1 ukazuje tepeln\u00e9 toky skrz celou formu i d\u00edl. Zku\u0161ebn\u011b byly provedeny v\u00fdpo\u010dty pro krat\u0161\u00ed doby chlazen\u00ed a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teplotu tempera\u010dn\u00edho m\u00e9dia. V\u00fdpo\u010dty s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teplotou formy nevykazovaly v\u00fdrazn\u00fd vliv na rychlost tuhnut\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti TP d\u00edlu a neumo\u017enily zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed doby chlazen\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159inesly probl\u00e9my s pln\u011bn\u00edm a deformacemi nosn\u00e9ho polypropylenov\u00e9ho d\u00edlu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Teplota formy v \u010dase 1,7 sec zobrazen\u00e1 v \u0159ezech<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Teplota v d\u00edlu v \u010dase 0,7sec zobrazen\u00e1 v \u0159ezech<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mo\u017enost zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed doby chlazen\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na schopnosti materi\u00e1lu p\u0159ej\u00edt do tuh\u00e9ho stavu <\/strong>a b\u011bhem dochlazen\u00ed na vzduchu vykonat deformace v po\u017eadovan\u00fdch toleranc\u00edch. Po detailn\u00edm rozboru chlazen\u00ed formy i d\u00edlu, simulace na\u0161la v dob\u011b chlazen\u00ed mo\u017enost zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed cyklu o 7 sekund<\/strong>. V re\u00e1ln\u00fdch testech<\/strong> bez probl\u00e9m\u016f fungovalo zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed o 5 s,<\/strong> zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed doby chlazen\u00ed o 7 sekund je na hranici v\u00fdrobn\u00edch toleranc\u00ed a hroz\u00ed neshodn\u00e9 d\u00edly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdsledek<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Celkov\u00e9 zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed cyklu <\/strong>v re\u00e1ln\u00e9 praxi: 15 vte\u0159in na cyklus<\/strong>
finan\u010dn\u00ed \u00faspora z cyklu: 5 let pouze na provozu<\/strong> znamen\u00e1 \u00fasporu 1.875.000,-K\u010d<\/strong>
Celkov\u00e1 \u00faspora: za 5 let na cca 6 375 000 K\u010d<\/strong><\/strong>
Cena MF anal\u00fdzy: zanedbateln\u00e1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pou\u017eit\u00ed alternativn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu na b\u00e1zi TPS (THERMOLAST\u00ae K TC7WEZ) s 1,6 x vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed tepelnou vodivost\u00ed vych\u00e1z\u00ed \u00faspora na cyklu je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011bji. P\u0159i stejn\u00e9m zatuhnut\u00ed a deformaci v po\u017eadovan\u00e9 toleranci vy\u0161lo zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed cyklu o 15 sekund. Rozd\u00edl v dob\u011b chlazen\u00ed obou optimalizovan\u00fdch cykl\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f je 10 sekund a v dob\u011b pln\u011bn\u00ed 2 sekundy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pou\u017eijeme-li v\u00fdsledky proveden\u00e9 simula\u010dn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy pro TPV materi\u00e1l \u2013 tedy zkr\u00e1t\u00edme dobu cyklu v\u00fdroby (p\u0159esn\u011bji dobu chlazen\u00ed) –  z\u00edsk\u00e1me za dobu 5 \u2013 ti let\u00e9ho projektu \u00fasporu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1 875 000 K\u010d.
Vy\u010d\u00edslen\u00ed \u00faspory u TPS materi\u00e1lu je vzhledem k nezve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch cen slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 \u00faspora <\/strong>(zahrnuje zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed cyklu p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed TPS materi\u00e1lu s lep\u0161\u00ed tekutost\u00ed a lep\u0161\u00ed tepelnou vodivost\u00ed), oproti p\u016fvodn\u00edmu nastaven\u00ed technologie v\u00fdroby, vych\u00e1z\u00ed za 5 let na cca 6 375 000 K\u010d<\/strong>. Tuto \u010d\u00e1stku ale mus\u00edme pon\u00ed\u017eit o rozd\u00edl v cen\u011b materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chcete v\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edc, napi\u0161te n\u00e1m.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jak v\u00fdb\u011br vst\u0159ikovan\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu ovliv\u0148uje cyklus 6.375.000,-K\u010d (slovy \u0161estmili\u00f3n\u016ft\u0159istasedumdes\u00e1tp\u011bttis\u00edc kourun \u010desk\u00fdch) \u00faspora a sta\u010dilo tak m\u00e1lo. Mana\u017eersk\u00e9 shrnut\u00ed: Celkov\u00e9 zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed cyklu v re\u00e1ln\u00e9 praxi: 15 vte\u0159in na cyklusfinan\u010dn\u00ed \u00faspora: 5 let pouze na provozu znamen\u00e1 \u00fasporu 1.875.000,-K\u010dCelkov\u00e1 \u00faspora: za 5 let na cca 6 375 000 K\u010d (detaily viz \u010dl\u00e1nek)Kontakt: na konci \u010dl\u00e1nku Zad\u00e1n\u00ed P\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality zkr\u00e1tit cyklov\u00fd \u010das v\u00fdroby a vyhodnotit finan\u010dn\u00ed dopad. 2K forma, materi\u00e1ly PP a TPV. Pln\u011bn\u00ed elastomeru je zaji\u0161t\u011bno pomoc\u00ed jednoho st\u0159edov\u00e9ho vtoku. P\u0159i te\u010den\u00ed do koncov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti d\u00edlu mus\u00ed materi\u00e1l p\u0159ekonat vzd\u00e1lenost 425 mm s pr\u016fm\u011brnou tlou\u0161\u0165kou st\u011bny 1,3 mm. Pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 termoplasty jsou tyto podm\u00ednky d\u00e9lky te\u010den\u00ed nep\u0159ekonateln\u00e9, ale pro termoplastick\u00e9 elastomery, vykazuj\u00edc\u00ed se vysokou tekutost\u00ed, dosa\u017eiteln\u00e9. Trocha teorie Termoplastick\u00e9 elastomery (TPE) jsou modern\u00ed polymern\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed vlastnosti elastomer\u016f a zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed se jako termoplasty. Na trhu je k dost\u00e1n\u00ed mnoho odli\u0161n\u00fdch typ\u016f termoplastick\u00fdch elastomer\u016f (TPE) se specifick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi. Velmi \u010dasto se ve symbolick\u00e9 zkratce vypou\u0161t\u00ed p\u00edsmeno \u201eE\u201d, n\u00e1sledn\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ozna\u010den\u00ed TPU, TPS, TPO, TPV, TPA, a TPE. Jednotliv\u00e9 typy materi\u00e1l\u016f se li\u0161\u00ed dosa\u017eitelnou tvrdost\u00ed, elasticitou, teplotn\u00edm intervalem pou\u017eitelnosti, chemickou odolnost\u00ed a hustotou. U 2K vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed je nav\u00edc velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 soudr\u017enost se z\u00e1kladn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem. Na d\u00edly z termoplastick\u00fdch elastomer\u016f se kladou stejn\u00e9 n\u00e1roky jako na d\u00edly…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22645,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[34,1],"tags":[60,78,62,50],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22634"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22634"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22634\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23068,"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22634\/revisions\/23068"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22634"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22634"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kvalitnivystrik.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}